At about age 10, Saddam fled the family and returned to live in Baghdad with his uncle Kharaillah Tulfah. His stepfather, Ibrahim al-Hassan, treated Saddam harshly after his return. His mother remarried, and Saddam gained three half-brothers through this marriage. The infant Saddam was sent to the family of his maternal uncle Khairallah Talfah until he was three. Shortly afterward, Saddam's 13-year-old brother died of cancer. He never knew his father, Hussein 'Abid al-Majid, who disappeared six months before Saddam was born. He is always referred to by this personal name, which may be followed by the patronymic and other elements. His mother, Subha Tulfah al-Mussallat, named her newborn son Saddam, which in Arabic means "One who confronts". Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti was born in the town of Al-Awja, 13 km (8 mi) from the Iraqi town of Tikrit, to a family of shepherds from the al-Begat tribal group, a sub-group of the Al-Bu Nasir (البو ناصر) tribe. His execution was carried out on 30 December 2006. On 5 November 2006, Saddam was convicted of charges related to the 1982 killing of 148 Iraqi Shi'ites and was sentenced to death by hanging. Following his capture on 13 December 2003, the trial of Saddam took place under the Iraqi interim government. Saddam's Ba'ath party was disbanded and elections were held. Bush and British Prime Minister Tony Blair accused him of possessing weapons of mass destruction and having ties to al-Qaeda. invaded Iraq to depose Saddam, in which U.S. Whereas some venerated Saddam for his opposition to Israel-which included the use of military force -he was widely condemned in the west for the brutality of his dictatorship. He suppressed several movements, particularly Shi'a and Kurdish movements seeking to overthrow the government or gain independence, and maintained power during the Iran–Iraq War and the Gulf War. Saddam formally rose to power in 1979, although he had been the de facto head of Iraq for several years prior. Positions of power in the country were mostly filled with Sunnis, a minority that made up only a fifth of the population. Through the 1970s, Saddam cemented his authority over the apparatuses of government as oil money helped Iraq's economy to grow at a rapid pace. The state-owned banks were put under his control, leaving the system eventually insolvent mostly due to the Iran–Iraq War, the Gulf War, and UN sanctions. In the early 1970s, Saddam nationalized oil and other industries. A leading member of the revolutionary Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, and later, the Baghdad-based Ba'ath Party and its regional organisation Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region-which espoused ba'athism, a mix of Arab nationalism and Arab socialism-Saddam played a key role in the 1968 coup (later referred to as the 17 July Revolution) that brought the party to power in Iraq.Īs vice president under the ailing General Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, and at a time when many groups were considered capable of overthrowing the government, Saddam created security forces through which he tightly controlled conflict between the government and the armed forces. ![]() Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti ( Arabic: صدام حسين عبد المجيد التكريتي Ṣaddām Ḥusayn ʿAbd al-Maǧīd al-Tikrītī 28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006 ) was the fifth President of Iraq, serving in this capacity from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003. ![]() Member of the Regional Command of the Iraqi Regional Branchīaghdad-based Ba'ath Party (1966–2006) ( NPF) Regional Secretary of the Regional Command of the Iraqi Regional Branch Secretary of the National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party Mohammad Bahr al-Ulloum (as Acting President of the Governing Council of Iraq) Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council of Iraq
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